Higher Number Of Warts Predicts Slightly Lower Calories Burned for Population
Contents
Mike Sinn
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Mike Sinn

Variables

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Number of Warts 456
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Calories Burned 878

Categories

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Symptoms 13336
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Physical Activity 1719

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Your Data

Tags

High Confidence
Weak Effect Size
Negative Relationship
Population Study
cause image gauge image effect image
Participants reported a 25.9% average decrease in Calories Burned following above average Number of Warts.
Abstract

Abstract

Calories Burned was generally 2% higher than average after a total of 0 count of Number of Warts over the previous 24 hours.

Aggregated data from 1 study participants suggests with a HIGH degree of confidence (p=0.00409, 95% CI -213.969 to 213.476) that Number of Warts has a weakly negative predictive relationship (R=-0.247) with Calories Burned.

The highest quartile of Calories Burned measurements were observed following an average 0.343 count Number of Warts per day.

The lowest quartile of Calories Burned measurements were observed following an average 0.639 count of Number of Warts per day.

After an onset delay of 0 seconds, Calories Burned is typically 3% lower than average over the 24 hours following around 0.639 count Number of Warts.

Objective

Objective

The objective of this study is to determine the nature of the relationship (if any) between Number of Warts and Calories Burned. Additionally, we attempt to determine the Number of Warts values most likely to produce optimal Calories Burned values.
Participant Instructions

Participant Instructions

Manual Recording Option

A Create a reminder for Number of Warts here and record it daily by enabling notifications or using A the reminder inbox here .


Calories Burned Automatic Import of Calories Burned via Fitbit

A Get Fitbit here and use it to record your Calories Burned. Then, A import your data here .

Manual Recording Option

A Create a reminder for Calories Burned here and record it daily by enabling notifications or using A the reminder inbox here .

Calories Burned Automatic Import of Calories Burned via Google Fit

A Get Google Fit here and use it to record your Calories Burned. Then, A import your data here .

Calories Burned Automatic Import of Calories Burned via Withings

A Get Withings here and use it to record your Calories Burned. Then, A import your data here .

Design

Design

This study is based on data donated by 1 participants. Thus, the study design is equivalent to the aggregation of 1 separate n=1 observational natural experiments.

Data Analysis

Data Analysis

Number of Warts Pre-Processing

Number of Warts measurement values below 0 count were assumed erroneous and removed. No maximum allowed measurement value was defined for Number of Warts. It was assumed that any gaps in Number of Warts data were unrecorded 0 count measurement values.

Calories Burned Pre-Processing

Calories Burned measurement values below 100 kilocalories were assumed erroneous and removed. Calories Burned measurement values above 20000 kilocalories were assumed erroneous and removed. No missing data filling value was defined for Calories Burned so any gaps in data were just not analyzed instead of assuming zero values for those times.

Predictive Analytics

It was assumed that 0 seconds would pass before a change in Number of Warts would produce an observable change in Calories Burned.

It was assumed that Number of Warts could produce an observable change in Calories Burned for as much as 24 hours after the stimulus event.

Statistical Significance

Statistical Significance

Using a two-tailed t-test with alpha = 0.05, it was determined that the change in Calories Burned is statistically significant at 95% confidence interval.

After treatment, a 25.9% decrease (-393 kilocalories) from the mean baseline 1790 kilocalories was observed. The relative standard deviation at baseline was 40.9%. The observed change was 0.54 times the standard deviation.

A common rule of thumb considers a change greater than twice the baseline standard deviation on two separate pre-post experiments may be considered significant. This occurrence would have only a 5% likelihood of resulting from random fluctuation (a p-value < 0.05).

Data Sources

Data Sources

Number of Warts data was primarily collected using QuantiModo. QuantiModo allows you to easily track mood, symptoms, or any outcome you want to optimize in a fraction of a second. You can also import your data from over 30 other apps and devices. QuantiModo then analyzes your data to identify which hidden factors are most likely to be influencing your mood or symptoms.

Calories Burned data was primarily collected using Fitbit. Fitbit makes activity tracking easy and automatic.

Limitations

Limitations

As with any human experiment, it was impossible to control for all potentially confounding variables. Correlation does not necessarily imply causation. We can never know for sure if one factor is definitely the cause of an outcome. However, lack of correlation definitely implies the lack of a causal relationship. Hence, we can with great confidence rule out non-existent relationships. For instance, if we discover no relationship between mood and an antidepressant this information is just as or even more valuable than the discovery that there is a relationship.

We can also take advantage of several characteristics of time series data from many subjects to infer the likelihood of a causal relationship if we do find a correlational relationship. The criteria for causation are a group of minimal conditions necessary to provide adequate evidence of a causal relationship between an incidence and a possible consequence.

Criteria For Causal Inference

Strength (A.K.A. Effect Size)

A small association does not mean that there is not a causal effect, though the larger the association, the more likely that it is causal. There is a weakly negative (R = -0.2469) relationship between Number of Warts and Calories Burned.

Consistency (A.K.A. Reproducibility)

Consistent findings observed by different persons in different places with different samples strengthens the likelihood of an effect. Furthermore, in accordance with the law of large numbers (LLN), the predictive power and accuracy of these results will continually grow over time. 160 paired data points were used in this analysis. Assuming that the relationship is merely coincidental, as the participant independently modifies their Number of Warts values, the observed strength of the relationship will decline until it is below the threshold of significance. To it another way, in the case that we do find a spurious correlation, suggesting that banana intake improves mood for instance, one will likely increase their banana intake. Due to the fact that this correlation is spurious, it is unlikely that you will see a continued and persistent corresponding increase in mood. So over time, the spurious correlation will naturally dissipate.

Specificity

Causation is likely if a very specific population at a specific site and disease with no other likely explanation. The more specific an association between a factor and an effect is, the bigger the probability of a causal relationship.

Temporality

The effect has to occur after the cause (and if there is an expected delay between the cause and expected effect, then the effect must occur after that delay). The confidence in a causal relationship is bolstered by the fact that time-precedence was taken into account in all calculations.

Biological Gradient

Greater exposure should generally lead to greater incidence of the effect. However, in some cases, the mere presence of the factor can trigger the effect. In other cases, an inverse proportion is observed: greater exposure leads to lower incidence.

Plausibility

A plausible bio-chemical mechanism between cause and effect is critical. This is where human brains excel.

Based on our responses so far,

0 humans feel that there is a plausible mechanism of action for a relationship between Number of Warts and Calories Burned.

0 humans feel that any relationship observed between Number of Warts and Calories Burned is coincidental.

Coherence

Coherence between epidemiological and laboratory findings increases the likelihood of an effect. It will be very enlightening to aggregate this data with the data from other participants with similar genetic, diseasomic, environmentomic, and demographic profiles.

Experiment

All of human life can be considered a natural experiment. Occasionally, it is possible to appeal to experimental evidence.

Analogy

The effect of similar factors may be considered.

Plausibility

Plausibility

A plausible bio-chemical mechanism between cause and effect is critical. This is where human brains excel. Based on our responses so far, 0 humans feel that there is a plausible mechanism of action and 0 feel that any relationship observed between Number of Warts and Calories Burned is coincidental.

Relationship Statistics

Property Value
Cause Variable Name Number of Warts
Effect Variable Name Calories Burned
Sinn Predictive Coefficient 0.011747821082654
Confidence Level HIGH
Confidence Interval 213.72255025254
Forward Pearson Predictive Coefficient -0.2469
Critical T Value 1.646
Total Number of Warts Over Previous 24 hours Before ABOVE Average Calories Burned 0.343 count
Total Number of Warts Over Previous 24 hours Before BELOW Average Calories Burned 0.639 count
Duration of Action 24 hours
Effect Size weakly negative
Number of Paired Measurements 160
Optimal Pearson Product 0.14840347861761
P Value 0.0040865831708638
Statistical Significance 0.4661
Strength of Relationship 213.72255025254
Study Type population
Analysis Performed At 2021-08-30
Number of Participants 1

Number of Warts Info

Property Value
Variable Name Number of Warts
Aggregation Method SUM
Analysis Performed At 2021-08-30
Duration of Action 24 hours
Filling Value 0
Kurtosis 1.0955872587459
Mean 0.42215 count
Median 0 count
Minimum Allowed Value 0 count
Number of Aggregate Predictors 307
Number of Aggregate Outcomes 149
Number of Measurements 213
Number of Measurements (including those generated by tagged, joined, or child variables) 213
Public true
Onset Delay 0 seconds
Standard Deviation 0.49475818271332
Unit Count
User Variables 1
Variable Category Symptoms
Variable ID 6063024
Variance 0.24478565936178

Calories Burned Info

Property Value
Variable Name Calories Burned
Aggregation Method SUM
Analysis Performed At 2020-09-23
Duration of Action 7 days
Kurtosis 10.719482104079
Maximum Allowed Value 20000 kilocalories
Mean 1693.6119981094 kilocalories
Median 1643.7344918892 kilocalories
Minimum Allowed Value 100 kilocalories
Number of Aggregate Predictors 667
Number of Aggregate Outcomes 211
Number of Measurements 122895
Number of Measurements (including those generated by tagged, joined, or child variables) 21949
Public true
Onset Delay 0 seconds
Standard Deviation 420.78331639612
Unit Kilocalories
User Variables 393
UPC 0
Variable Category Physical Activity
Variable ID 1280
Variance 236738.41913029